Finance and Company Essay Example for Free

Finance and Company Essay So Wrigley has to make decisions on whether or not to borrow $ 3 billion for recapitalization. Question Based on the above situation, there are few questions that arise as seen below: ? Whether the recapitalization would be good for the company’s development in the long run? ?After borrowing $ 3 billion dollars what would the impact on the company’s debt rating be? ?What’s the impact on the company’s share value; would the recapitalization increase the company’s share value? ?What’s the impact on the company’s WACC, an increase or decrease? Would recapitalization increases the EPS of the company? Hypothesis Before capital restructuring due to not having any debt, return on capital and operating income as a percent of sales can be used based on exhibit 2(it is $513,356/$2,429,646= 21%) which is the A to AA range of investment grade. After recapitalization, the company’s debt rating will fall to a BB/B rating which reflects a higher risk and lower debt rating that will cause higher yields. According to Exhibit 7’s given information, the yield is between BB (12. 753) to B (14. 663) to obtain a cost of debt. Impact on share value If the company chooses to repurchase the stock, the WD will be 22. 89% (3,000,000/13,103,000), the WACC will be 10. 19% (22. 89% (1-40%)*13%+77. 1%*10. 9%). Both 10. 32% and 10. 19% are lower than the WACC before recapitalization, which indicates that after the recapitalization the company will have a lower minimum rate of return for the company that it needs to earn on its investments to maintain its wealth. Impact on Voting Control If the company is using the dividend plan to do capital restructuring, there will not be any impact on voting control. However, if the company is using the stock repurchase plan, it will have an influence on the voting control. The current Wrigley family ownership includes 21% of common shares and 58% of B shares. The total numbers of shares outstanding for Wrigley consists of the sum of the common shares of 189. 8 million and class B shares of 42. 641 million (10 votes each), a total of 232,441 million shares. So the company will have 46. 6% ((189. 8*21%+426. 41*58%)/616. 21=46. 6%)voting control before recapitalization. After the recapitalization the voting control will increase to 49% [(179. 22-42. 641)*21%+426. 41*58%]/ (136. 58+426. 41) =49 Based on the above analysis, my suggestion is not to borrow $ 3 billion dollars, or if the company insists in doing a recapitalization I would suggest for them to not borrow as much and to make some investment on assets instead of it all in equity. For the Wrigley Company I think they should keep their debt below 50 percent. Because after recapitalization, it will have negative impacts on EPS, debt rating, share value and it has a slightly positive impact on WACC and voting control. The results of impact on EPS analysis shows that EPS will drop from $ 1. 61 to 0. 46 and, the debt/ assets ratio will be 169% which will increase the company’s risks. From a debt rating aspect, after borrowing $ 3 billion dollars, the debt rating of the company will decline from AA/A to BB/B which means that the company will have a higher interest rate, more interest expense and a lower credit rating in the future. This is not good for the company’s future development. From a long term prospective, I believe it’s important that the company be careful in determining whether they should pursue a dividend or stock repurchase strategy. If the company chooses to use the $ 3 billion to pay dividends now, it might increase the investor’s satisfaction in the short run but once the dividend has been paid, the investor will expect the same amount of dividend in the future and a lower dividend might disappoint investors and that might affect the company’s stock price in the future. The stock repurchase is temporary as well, so after the repurchase the ending stock price might drop and it may hurt a potential new investor who made a purchase during the repurchase period. All things considered as long as Wrigley keeps an eye on their long term goals and continues to look at the big picture whilst making good solid financial choices for their company they should be most successful.

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ok I'm an "A" Plan brat myself. My dad's been there for 34 years now! : ) I got my fully loaded 2001 Twilight Blue ZTS, not including Advance-Trac or moonroof (DAMN IT!!!) for $15,000 plus tax, tags, extended warranty and the Protection package costs. Came out to around mid-16,000. I don't think I did too bad. That's with very questionable credit and a 9.8% interest rate and no downpayment. My first BRAND NEW car. hahahaha I think I did alright, though I know I got screwed on the final cost. Oh yeah, I got a 3 year lease too. I got the 5 year/60,000 mile warranty.2001 ZX3, 5-speed. Power package, premium package, moonroof. Listed for $15,200 and bought it for $13,900. $12,900 after the rebate. I've owned it for a month, have 1,600 miles, averaging about 29 mpg, with no probs! Love my ZX3 Mine was about $16,700 and I didn't have any money for a down payment. This was the S2 edition though which has the european tuned suspension, spoiler, and moonroof, it had the 6 disk in dash cd player also, but i took that out and put in my tv. I got my 2000 SE Sedan for $14,400. It had all options minus auto, ABS, side airbags, and leather. I really wanted the ABS and side airbags but wasn't going to wait to have one special ordered - I had already been to 5 dealerships that day and was pretty exited to find one so close to what I wanted. V, when dealing for the car, they are going to be playing tricks on you to make it seem like they can't go any lower. When they say "I have to go check this out with my manager", make it look like you are unconcerned and have all day - pull out your gameboy or palm pilot and start playing games. Make sure they know that you know what you are talking about, and that the car you are dealing for is a compromise, not the one car you have spent your whole life looking for. If the car has been on the lot for a while, then it's taking up valueable space and they need to get rid of it. If it just got on the lot, then if they sell it right away the holdback they get from Ford is pure profit. One other thing I found is that there is an airplane club up in Wisconsin or Minnesota or something that costs 20 or 30 bucks to join but members get X-Plan pricing from Ford.

Industrial Development and Labor Movement Essay

The answer is FALSE. The development of industrial development contributed to the rise of labor movement. The significant change that was caused by the industrial revolution – the increased efficiency of production through the use of machines – has caused the displacement and alienation of human workers as machines have taken over the production process. The industrial revolution is one of the most significant highlights for the development of human history. It was an advent for the most important technological changes and advancement which translated to increased production efficiency – producing the most number of goods at the least amount of costs. However, the rise of giant industries which made use of machines in production has caused human skilled workers to be displaced from their jobs. The automation of production has made human labor less appealing and less needed. The advent of the rise of machines has caused severe changes in production and labor, and consequently it has driven profound social changes and also driven the economy to be more production efficient with little help from human labor (Hooker). Consequently, the displacement of human laborers and their seemingly less involvement in the process of production have made them less powerful in voicing out their demands. The mechanized production system has made them less represented and less significant in the industry, thus, factory owners didn’t regard them as assets in the industry. This turn of events marked the era wherein laborers didn’t have the ability to speak of their work-related grievances, they lost the voice to call out for fair treatment. In contrast to the earlier times wherein the small employer-employee relationship was prevalent, the workers had the ability and chances to address their demands to their employers. However, the increased automation of production system has also caused the growth of enterprises and the owners hired skilled professionals to more efficiently manage the workers. As a result, there existed a larger gap between the owners and the laborers, making it harder for the laborers to communicate directly to the owner to express their grievances (The American Labor Movement). Moreover, during these times, the workers were forced to work longer hours, getting the most work from them though giving them the lowest wage possible. And because of the production automation, skilled laborers and craftsmen were less valued and the number of unskilled laborers has significantly increased. Thus, these instances, developments and the further impoverishment and unequal treatment for laborers have resulted to the emergence of labor unions that advocated to protect the rights and welfare of laborers. Labor unions became a prevalent action in protecting the common interests of laborers, particularly issues regarding wages and working conditions. These labor and trade unions served as collective organizations that represented the interests of the working class. Moreover, labor unions were sometimes looked upon as political wings campaigning for equitable treatment from employers and lobbying for the implementation of laws governing labor relations. These labor movements focused on issues related on rank-and-file movements, collective bargaining conflicts and organizing political campaigns. These efforts flickered the hopes for industry workers to attain increased political influence to be able to push legislations that shall benefit their cause, and deflect labor laws that were inefficient in protecting the rights of laborers (Turner, 2001). The rise of labor movement became more prevalent in the newly industrialized countries. This happened as global transformations became more influential and encompassing – for example, the â€Å"relocation of low-wage areas, automation and the increasing use of unregulated work arrangements† – all of which contributed to the strong urge of forming a strict and rigid framework of a union that shall defend workers against unfair treatment. (Silver)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, in addition to the animation of production, there is another aspect of industrial revolution that has hastened the rise of labor movement. The unfair labor practices rendered by industrialized nations towards less powerful and poor countries have made it more appealing for workers to organize a movement that was geared minimizing these effects. As the industry grew larger and more powerful, industrialized countries have sought for new markets and new sources of cheap labor, wherein they can yield the most production with labor-intensive processes, with the least amount of costs possible. They utilized the presence of satellite countries wherein they can extract from them the cheapest raw materials, and wherein they can impose to make use of the human capital as a source of cheap and intensive labor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Therefore, the rise of labor movements was sponsored by the industrial development. This happened in such a way that, as the industry flourished and became automated, it resulted in harsh treatment and displacement of the workers. This unfair treatment led workers to form unions that shall represent them as a whole in addressing their grievances and sentiments. The development of labor movements were hastened by (1) need for social mobilization and institutional change; (2) need for significant representation by workers; (3) call for industry changes; and (4) economic and political protectionism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The industry development happened in such a manner that it gave utter importance to machines and deliberately misappropriated the use of human skills in the course of production. It displaced the rights and abilities of craftsmen and haggardly made use of unskilled worker, as they offered cheap labor despite the intense labor work and long work hours. Consequently though, this instances and treatments have hastened the movements to revive the industry that is mindful of human existence and welfare.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus, industry development, coupled with intense form of exploitation, mistreatment, alienation and displacement for workers have eventually led to the emergence of labor movements. References Hooker, Richard. The Industrial Revolution. Retrieved December 1, 2007 from, Silver, Beverly. Labor Movements from a Global Perspective. The American Labor Movement. Retrieved December 1, 2007 from, Turner, Lowell. (2001) Reviving the Labor Movement. School of Industrial and Labor Relations. Cornell University.

Hamlets Madness Essay

I do not believe that Hamlet is going mad nor insane. I think that he was just putting on an act of madness to convince people he was going insane in order to carry out his revenge on Claudius. If it wasn’t for Hamlet’s feigned madness the Claudius would have obviously known that something was up and would have possibly had Hamlet killed. Hamlet only acted mad or insane around certain people. In his private conversations with Horatio there was no signs of insanity with the way he was talking to him. Hamlet tells Horatio â€Å"How strange or odd soe’er I bear myself, As I, perchance, hereafter shall think meet To put on an antic disposition on, – That you, at such times seeing me, never shall, With arms encumber’d thus. Or this headshake, Or by pronouncing of some doubtful phrase. â€Å"(Ham. 2. 5. 170-175). In this phrase He is telling Horatio that he is going to feign madness, and that if he notices any strange behavior that he is putting on an act. This is proof that he is neither mad nor insane. He basically has stated he is going to act mad. As soon as someone appears, whom he wants to convince he is mad, he changes his behavior to put in his or her minds different explanations of his irrational behavior. He changes from rational speech to irrational conversations with those he wishes to convince he is mad. With Rosencrantz and Guildenstern he makes them believe that the reason for his behavior is frustrated ambition. In act 2 scene 2 Rosencrantz says â€Å"Why, then, your ambition makes it one; ’tis too narrow for your mind. â€Å"(Ham. 2. 2. 241-242). Then Hamlet says â€Å"O God, I could be bounded in a nutshell, and count myself a king of infinite space, were it not that I have bad dreams. â€Å"(Ham 2. 2. 243-244) Then Guildenstern states â€Å"Which dreams, indeed, are ambition; fro the very substance of the ambitious is merely the shadow of a dream. â€Å"(Ham. 2. 2. 245-246). Hamlet wants to make the King and Queen believe that the death of his father and their marriage is the reason for his madness. The Queen states â€Å"I doubt it is no other but the main, – His father’s death and our o’ hasty marriage. (Ham. 2. 2. 56-57). Hamlet want s to make Polonius and Ophelia believe that it is his love for Ophelia that has driven him mad. This is revealed when Ophelia speaks with Polonius about Hamlet’s encounter with her (Ham. 2. 2 75-108). In the phrase â€Å"I am but mad north by northwest, when the wind is southernly I know a hawk from a handsaw†(Ham. 2. 2. 347-348) Hamlet is stating that North is normal and that â€Å"North by Northwest† means that he is only slightly insane. Once Claudius thought he was insane he was safe to carry out the rest of his plan. In the Soliloquy, â€Å"To be or not to be† (Ham. 3. 1. 56-90) Hamlet knew that he was being watched by the King while talking to Ophelia. This was his chance to convince the King that he was insane. I believe that Hamlet may have crossed the line into true madness a few times. For example when Hamlet slays Polonius he has no feelings of remorse. This is evidenced by Hamlet’s words â€Å"Thou wretched, rash, intruding fool, farewell! I took thy fortune thou findst to be too busy in some danger†(Ham. 3. 4. 32-34). After Hamlet kills Polonius he will not tell anyone where the body is. Instead he says â€Å"not where he eats, but where he is eaten, a certain convocation of political worms a e’en at him†(Ham 4. 3. 20-21). Hamlet also is aware of his dissolving insanity as he tells Laertes that he killed Polonius â€Å"in a fit of madness†(Ham. 5. 2. 236-250). In the scene where he is with his mother he also has a violent out burst. He is very cruel towards he and clenches her throat in anger. He sees his father’s ghost while with his mother. His mother does not see him. All of the other times someone has seen the ghost when it has appeared. This may be a sign that Hamlet experiencing true madness. â€Å"On him, on him: Look O you how pale he glares! His form and cause conjoured, preaching to stones would make them capable (Ham. 3. 4. 126-128. In conclusion I believe that Hamlet’s madness or insanity throughout the play is being acted. However I do believe that in the end Hamlet drives himself over the edge when he kills Polonius and his true anger shows. Hamlet crossed that line into true madness a few times in this play. I believe that this was not a good way to go about getting revenge on Claudius. There was too much of a delay and in the end Hamlet lost by losing his life too.

Free Essays on Night And Catcher In The Rye

â€Å"A great book should leave you with many experiences and slightly exhausted at the end.† A well-written book should provide the reader with numerous occurrences and events throughout the literature. This is true because good literature takes the reader places in their imagination to satisfy them in their leisure time. In the first-person novel The Catcher in the Rye, by J.D. Salinger, the narrator, Holden Caulfield, takes the reader on a flashback journey. Also, in the first-person memoir Night, by Elie Weisel, this lens is clearly presented. Through the use of literary techniques, setting is an important aspect that influences the unforgettable adventures that take place. An exceptional work of writing should present the reader with several experiences, offering slight wisdom at the conclusion of the work. In the novel, The Catcher in the Rye, Salinger creates brilliant literature that teaches and tires. Holden Caulfield has flashbacks of his journey of an exhausting 48-hour period in his life. This book is written in a first-person point of view to explain the narrator’s experience meticulously, in his own perspective. The man versus himself conflict that concerned Holden and his problem with school and communicating with his parents, played a major role in the explanation for his adventures. If he had not been kicked out of his school, Holden would not have to deal with the troubles of being on his own and traveling from place to place. Many authors use literary techniques to illustrate and improve the readers’ opinion of the book, such as Elie Weisel’s book, Night. Weisel’s memoir, Night, is another valid example of literature that brings a reader on a reverie, except this one is factual. This chronicle is written in a first-person point of view, making the literature seem even more realistic because it is the account for a first-hand experience. One of the most influential literary elements of this story is the se... Free Essays on Night And Catcher In The Rye Free Essays on Night And Catcher In The Rye â€Å"A great book should leave you with many experiences and slightly exhausted at the end.† A well-written book should provide the reader with numerous occurrences and events throughout the literature. This is true because good literature takes the reader places in their imagination to satisfy them in their leisure time. In the first-person novel The Catcher in the Rye, by J.D. Salinger, the narrator, Holden Caulfield, takes the reader on a flashback journey. Also, in the first-person memoir Night, by Elie Weisel, this lens is clearly presented. Through the use of literary techniques, setting is an important aspect that influences the unforgettable adventures that take place. An exceptional work of writing should present the reader with several experiences, offering slight wisdom at the conclusion of the work. In the novel, The Catcher in the Rye, Salinger creates brilliant literature that teaches and tires. Holden Caulfield has flashbacks of his journey of an exhausting 48-hour period in his life. This book is written in a first-person point of view to explain the narrator’s experience meticulously, in his own perspective. The man versus himself conflict that concerned Holden and his problem with school and communicating with his parents, played a major role in the explanation for his adventures. If he had not been kicked out of his school, Holden would not have to deal with the troubles of being on his own and traveling from place to place. Many authors use literary techniques to illustrate and improve the readers’ opinion of the book, such as Elie Weisel’s book, Night. Weisel’s memoir, Night, is another valid example of literature that brings a reader on a reverie, except this one is factual. This chronicle is written in a first-person point of view, making the literature seem even more realistic because it is the account for a first-hand experience. One of the most influential literary elements of this story is the se...

Learn How to Ask Questions in English as an ESL Student

Learn How to Ask Questions in English as an ESL Student There are many ways to ask questions in English. Its important to understand the situation when deciding how to ask questions. In other words, is the question you want to ask a polite request? Would you like to confirm the  information you already know? Are you gathering details about a subject? How to Ask Direct Questions Direct questions are the most common type of question in English. Direct questions are asked when asking for both simple and complex information. To begin with, here is a guide to the structure of direct questions: (Question Word) Auxiliary Subject Verb Form (objects) ? Examples: When do you get to work?Do you like fish?How long have you been working on this project?Where are those ties manufactured? How to Ask Yes/No Questions Yes/No questions refer to simple questions you ask to receive either a yes or no as a response. Yes/No questions do not use question words and always begin with the auxiliary verb. Auxiliary Subject Verb Form (objects) ? Examples: Does he live in New York?Have you seen that film?Is she going to come to the party? How to Ask Subject and Object Questions Look at the following example sentence and questions: Jason likes playing golf. What does Jason like playing? (Answer: golf)Who likes playing golf? (Answer: Jason) In the first question, we are asking about the object. When asking about the object, use direct question construction beginning with a question word followed by the auxiliary verb. Wh? auxiliary subject verb? Who does he follow online? In the second question, we are asking for the subject of the action. When asking subject questions, do not use the auxiliary verb. The Wh question word plays the role of the subject in the question. Wh? (auxiliary) verb object? Who understands this problem? Note: Remember that the present simple or past simple do not take the auxiliary in positive sentence structure. Examples: Who enjoys playing tennis?Who is coming to the party next week? Common question forms for subject questions: Which Which bicycle goes fast? What kind of What kind of cheese tastes mild? What sort of What sort of tea costs very little? Who Who goes to school here? How to Use Question Tags to Ask Questions Another type of common question in English is the question tag. Many languages such as Spanish also use question tags. Use them to confirm information that you already know, or think you know. This form is used in conversation and when checking that you have understood something. Construct a question tag by making a statement followed by a comma and the opposite (positive negative, negative positive) form of the appropriate auxiliary verb. Examples: Youre married, arent you?Hes been here before, hasnt he?You didnt buy the new car, did you? Indirect Questions When we want to be more polite we often use indirect question forms. They ask the same as direct questions but are considered more formal. When using an indirect question, use an introductory phrase followed by the question itself in positive sentence structure. Connect the two phrases with the question word or if in the case the question is a yes/no question. Construction Chart Introductory phrase question word (or if) positive sentence Examples: I was wondering if you know the way to the nearest bank.Do you know when the next train leaves? Here are some of the most common phrases used for asking indirect questions. Do you know...I wonder/was wondering...Can you tell me...Im not sure...I dont know... Examples: Do you know when the next train leaves?I wonder when he will arrive.Can you tell me where he lives?Im not sure what he wants to do.I dont know if he is coming.

Discussion Board Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Discussion Board - Assignment Example Therefore instead of looking at their own interests, they should be looking at the interest and welfare of those that they serve. In this case, they are able to be examples just as the number one leader in Jesus Christ was (Maxwell, 2007). In this sense, leaders must purport to serve others first in order to be able to accomplish the goal as a whole group and not just as an individual person. They should forget about the leadership. This form of leadership is important in the sense that it encourages team effort. It makes those in the position to be led. It means that if one person was in a position to do the task alone, it could have been done. Thus being in a leadership position to gain all the praise rather than to serve the people is being in the leadership position for a gain and not to help others. If Jesus provided this example by washing the feet of his disciples, then other leaders should follow the same. Servant leadership helps others to lead by example. For this reason, it is important to rely on Jesus will and ways in relation to leadership as it is only through this way that leaders can become the best leaders. They will be able to do things for others and not think of themselves. The Bible shows people serving others eagerly and not just for their gain (1 Peter 5:2-4). Thus following Jesus means following the humble manner. Jesus was able to lead in humility, love, compassion and in fellowship with others. It is important to note that leadership is not a single sill but the collective teaching of what is in the Bible. Thus, for a leader to be effective, he must emulate good qualities to the best of their abilities. This can be done by copying Jesus (Iwuala,